World Solve

Evidence suggests Mars once had liquid water, a key ingredient for life, but no mission has yet found conclusive proof of past or present microbes. Answering this remains one of planetary science's biggest open questions.

Astronauts on extended missions lose bone density and muscle mass faster than doctors can fully explain or prevent. Understanding this better is essential before any mission lasting years, like a trip to Mars.

Shipwrecks and sunken settlements often hold historically valuable artifacts that are vulnerable to looting due to weak or inconsistent international protection. A stronger shared framework remains unbuilt.

Thousands of victims from past wars and disasters remain unidentified, leaving families without closure decades later. Better, cheaper identification methods could resolve many of these long-standing cases.

We have very good approximations, but no exact formula exists that perfectly predicts the count of primes below a chosen number. Improving this approximation remains an active and important area of research.

Finding the shortest possible route visiting a long list of locations becomes exponentially harder as the list grows, and no fully efficient general solution exists. Logistics, chip design, and delivery networks all run into this limit.

Conservation efforts often focus on species useful or appealing to humans, leaving the ethical status of less charismatic species less clear. Whether all species deserve equal protection regardless of usefulness remains unresolved.

International law sets minimum obligations toward refugees, but whether wealthier nations have a deeper moral duty beyond the legal minimum remains a genuinely contested ethical question.

Poverty, trauma, and social conditions can heavily influence behavior, but there's no settled agreement on how much this should reduce someone's responsibility for their actions.

Allowing payment for organs or surrogacy could increase availability and help people in need, but also raises concerns about exploitation of the poor. Society remains deeply divided on where ethical limits should sit.

Some products, like social media or certain foods, are deliberately designed to be highly engaging or addictive, raising questions about the maker's moral responsibility for resulting harm.

Reviving extinct species raises questions about ecological impact, animal welfare, and whether it's truly meant to help nature or satisfy human curiosity. There's no consensus on whether this is a responsible use of the technology.

Decisions today about climate, resource use, or nuclear waste will affect people who haven't been born yet and have no way to advocate for themselves. How much their future interests should count remains genuinely unresolved.

Some argue extreme wealth carries an obligation to help others, while others see it purely as a matter of personal choice. Philosophy hasn't settled this question in any way most people accept.

Decisions about resource use often weigh immediate economic gain against long-term environmental cost, and there's no settled ethical formula for how to balance the two fairly.

Remittances sent to Indonesia from diaspora communities abroad are subject to high transfer fees, reducing the effective value delivered to recipient households who depend on this income.

Some inequality is often seen as a natural result of differing effort or luck, but there's no agreed threshold for when it becomes unjust. Different political philosophies answer this question in fundamentally incompatible ways.

Some jurisdictions already use AI risk assessments to help judges decide sentences, raising concerns about fairness, bias, and accountability. Whether machines should have this level of influence over human freedom remains ethically unresolved.

Gig work can offer flexibility but often comes with unpredictable income swings that make financial planning difficult for workers. A system that offers more income stability without eliminating flexibility remains unresolved.

Resources like fresh water, fertile soil, and certain minerals are being used faster than they can replenish, yet markets often don't price this depletion accurately. Building this cost into economic decision-making remains largely unresolved.