Current approaches to interventions that improve the quality and equity of primary healthcare delivery either underperform under variable field conditions or generate externalities that undermine long-term sustainability and equity. Closing the gap requires coordinated advances in science, systems design and enabling institutions.
society-governance
europe
spain
equity
interventions
improve
quality
primary
healthcare
delivery
scalable
solutions
current
systems
climate-environment
enabling
approaches
under
Design systems that remain usable for people with limited literacy, disability, low connectivity, language barriers, or insecure documentation. The challenge is especially acute in remote island communities, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
social-civic-problems
asia
indonesia
remote
island
communities
inclusive
access
digital
public
services
connectivity
design
economics-resources
society-governance
systems
Create conservation and restoration approaches that protect biodiversity while sustaining the people whose food, income, and culture depend on those ecosystems. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
economics-resources
africa
nigeria
biodiversity
ecosystems
informal
settlements
protection
supporting
local
livelihoods
create
conservation
restoration
communities
society-governance
public
social-civic-problems
Develop practical data collection, modeling, public deliberation, and evaluation tools for decisions currently made with incomplete or inaccessible evidence. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
society-governance
africa
nigeria
evidence
decisions
informal
settlements
local
difficult
policy
develop
practical
data
economics-resources
communities
public
worker
Create safe, economically viable collection, sorting, repair, reuse, and material-recovery systems suited to decentralized local markets. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
economics-resources
africa
nigeria
local
informal
settlements
circular
recovery
overlooked
waste
streams
create
safe
society-governance
communities
might
actors
public
Develop enforceable, worker-centered protections for safety, pay, benefits, bargaining, and grievance resolution outside conventional employment. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
economics-resources
africa
nigeria
informal
settlements
worker
protection
fragmented
economies
develop
enforceable
worker-centered
protections
communities
society-governance
public
social-civic-problems
remote
Build affordable monitoring and response systems that identify local environmental threats before they become chronic public-health crises. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
health-biology
africa
nigeria
mental-health
environmental
informal
settlements
early
detection
health
hazards
build
affordable
monitoring
economics-resources
society-governance
communities
public
Create accountable methods for prioritizing limited water, housing, health, energy, and social-protection resources without reinforcing local inequality. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
social-civic-problems
africa
nigeria
resources
informal
settlements
transparent
allocation
scarce
public
create
accountable
methods
economics-resources
society-governance
communities
worker
protection
Develop local skills, spare-parts access, inspection methods, and financing so public infrastructure continues functioning after installation. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
economics-resources
africa
nigeria
public
informal
settlements
safe
maintenance
essential
assets
develop
local
skills
society-governance
communities
social-civic-problems
worker
Create transparent financial mechanisms that help households and local institutions prepare for recurrent shocks before emergency aid is needed. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
economics-resources
africa
nigeria
informal
settlements
community-scale
climate-risk
financing
institutions
create
transparent
financial
mechanisms
society-governance
communities
public
social-civic-problems
local
Develop offline-capable, multilingual, trusted systems for issuing alerts, gathering local conditions, and coordinating response when normal communications fail. The challenge is especially acute in informal settlements, where existing solutions often assume stable institutions, high incomes, continuous connectivity, or centralized service delivery.
society-governance
africa
nigeria
informal
settlements
reliable
last-mile
emergency
communication
develop
offline-capable
multilingual
trusted
economics-resources
communities
public
local
worker
Translate quantum sensing advances into rugged, affordable tools for detecting pollutants, groundwater changes, magnetic anomalies, and infrastructure defects.
climate-environment
quantum
sensing
low-cost
environmental
monitoring
translate
advances
rugged
affordable
tools
infrastructure
technology-computing
society-governance
science-space
global-unspecified
health-biology
Integrate agronomy, nutrition, processing, taste, markets, policy, and cultural preferences to enable adoption of resilient crops.
climate-environment
africa
crops
understanding
some
climate-resilient
remain
underutilized
integrate
agronomy
nutrition
processing
climate
resilient
food
long
term
preservation
Create safe, affordable, shelf-stable alternatives or complements to donated blood for trauma, obstetric emergencies, and disaster settings.
economics-resources
blood
developing
stable
substitutes
remote
emergency
care
create
safe
affordable
communities
island
health-biology
social-civic-problems
missions
medical
Develop practical biomonitoring and exposure assessment for workers in recycling, dyeing, tanning, metalwork, and small manufacturing.
economics-resources
asia
india
exposure
detecting
toxic
informal
industrial
work
develop
practical
biomonitoring
assessment
climate-environment
workers
waste
global-unspecified
african
Create datasets, validation standards, monitoring, and governance so diagnostic AI works reliably across devices, sites, skin tones, and patient populations.
health-biology
populations
reproducible
medical
imaging
diverse
create
datasets
validation
standards
monitoring
global-unspecified
whether
philosophy-ethics
society-governance
climate-environment
prevent
mathematics-logic
Develop delivery systems, manufacturing, payment models, and governance that move gene therapies beyond rare diseases and wealthy health systems.
society-governance
delivery
diseases
safe
equitable
gene-therapy
common
systems
develop
manufacturing
payment
climate-environment
governance
health-biology
technology-computing
economics-resources
ensuring
models
Build locally actionable models of how warming, rainfall, urbanization, immunity, and mobility reshape mosquito- and tick-borne disease risks.
climate-environment
africa
east-africa
disease
understanding
climate
effects
vector-borne
range
shifts
build
locally
actionable
health-biology
society-governance
global-unspecified
whether
non
open
Brazil, South America
Develop portable and affordable tests for diseases that disproportionately affect poor and remote communities and currently require skilled microscopy or invasive sampling.
health-biology
south-america
brazil
diseases
non-invasive
diagnostics
neglected
tropical
develop
portable
affordable
tests
disproportionately
remote
communities
island
society-governance
social-civic-problems
Create scientific and economic models that overcome the lack of commercial incentives for new antibiotics while ensuring equitable global access.
economics-resources
antibiotics
discovering
effective
against
priority
resistant
pathogens
create
scientific
economic
society-governance
equitable
access
global-unspecified
philosophy-ethics
rapid
lunar
