World Solve

Astronomical observations demand extra unseen mass, but candidate particles from extensions of the Standard Model remain undetected. New detector designs, astrophysical surveys, and theoretical models are needed to pin down its nature.

Observations show billion-solar-mass black holes early in cosmic history, which standard growth models struggle to explain. Improved surveys of high-redshift quasars and simulations of direct-collapse scenarios are needed.

Planets ejected from their systems may roam the galaxy unbound, affecting models of planet formation. Gravitational microlensing campaigns can constrain their population.

Running couplings suggest possible metastability of the vacuum. Improved measurements of Higgs and top masses refine stability assessments.

Loose aggregates behave differently from solid rock in impacts and mining. In situ missions and modeling can guide hazard mitigation and resource use.

Mining and in-situ resource use raise technical and legal questions. Integrated techno-economic and legal assessment tools can support decisions.

Unsafe roads, vehicles, and enforcement gaps create high accident rates. Safer design standards and enforcement technologies can reduce fatalities.

Fragmented electronic records hinder continuity of care and population-level analysis. Standards-based health information exchanges can address this.

Workplace injuries remain high, especially in construction and agriculture. Safety regulation and enforcement tools can reduce harm.

Vehicle and industrial emissions drive smog. Emission standards and clean transport can improve air.

Development encroaches on parks and open areas. Urban greening policies and protections are needed.

Consumers cannot see environmental and social impacts. Traceability systems and reporting standards are needed.

Buildings waste energy and materials. Green building standards can improve performance.

Standards vary, complicating comparison. Harmonized ESG metrics can help.

Farmers lack guidance on future climates. Climate-smart agriculture extension is needed.

Dependency on imported medicines increases vulnerability to global supply shocks and raises prices. Regional pharma manufacturing hubs and harmonized regulatory standards could improve medicine security.

Users face friction and fees when sending money between different mobile money ecosystems and across borders, limiting financial integration. Common standards and clearinghouses for mobile payments could reduce barriers.

People with disabilities and the elderly struggle to use buses and trains due to design and boarding barriers. Inclusive transport design standards and retrofitting funds could enhance accessibility.

Complex, costly certification processes exclude many potential exporters. Shared certification centers and digital compliance tools could lower the barrier.

Small workshops producing goods for local markets struggle to meet quality standards that would allow them to export or supply larger buyers. Shared testing labs and quality-training hubs could upgrade clusters.