World Solve

Many countries are seeing their elderly populations grow faster than their caregiving systems can support, straining families and healthcare systems alike. A scalable, affordable model for elder care remains an unmet need almost everywhere.

Food allergy rates have been rising for decades, and the exact reasons behind this trend remain only partially understood. Understanding the cause could help prevent, not just manage, this growing health issue.

Because rare diseases affect few patients, there's often little financial incentive for researchers or companies to develop treatments. Thousands of rare conditions remain effectively untreated as a direct result.

Countries with opt-out organ donation systems tend to have far higher donation rates, saving more lives, but implementing this fairly and ethically worldwide remains politically and culturally difficult.

Existing dementia treatments offer only modest, temporary relief from symptoms rather than meaningfully slowing the underlying disease. A real disease-modifying treatment remains one of medicine's most sought-after breakthroughs.

Blood donation shortages remain a recurring problem worldwide, especially during emergencies when demand spikes suddenly. Lab-grown blood could remove dependence on donor supply entirely, but the technology isn't yet practical at scale.

A small number of people show natural resistance to certain infections or conditions, and understanding why could reveal entirely new treatment approaches. This resistance remains only partially understood at a genetic level.

Poor farming practices and deforestation are wearing away fertile topsoil faster than nature can rebuild it, threatening long-term food production. A scalable solution to reverse this trend remains unresolved globally.

Raising cattle and other livestock produces a significant share of global methane emissions, yet meat remains a major part of diets worldwide. A lower-emission farming method that doesn't require giving up meat entirely remains unsolved.

Coding education often depends on expensive devices, reliable internet, and trained teachers, none of which are guaranteed in poorer school systems. Closing this gap could open technology careers to far more young people.

Satellite internet can reach remote areas traditional cables can't, but current pricing puts it out of reach for many of the people who need it most. Bringing the cost down could close a major digital divide.

Countless websites, articles, and pages vanish permanently when companies shut down or servers go offline. Without better and more complete web archiving, we risk losing large chunks of internet history.

Some games are proven to always end in a draw or a specific winner under perfect play, but for many complex games, this remains unresolved due to sheer computational scale. This unsolved area touches game theory, logic, and computer science.

Fair division problems become extremely complex once individual preferences differ, and general efficient solutions for many people remain incompletely understood. This connects mathematics to real-world negotiation and resource allocation.

Some tiling patterns work perfectly in abstract mathematical space but haven't been proven physically constructible under all real-world constraints. This connects pure geometry with material and structural engineering.

Even our best physical models rely on approximations or idealized assumptions, and whether a truly complete and exact mathematical simulation is even theoretically possible remains unresolved. This touches on the deep relationship between mathematics and the physical world.

Economic models often assume equilibrium is reachable under certain conditions, but proving this holds true across every possible complex real-world scenario remains mathematically incomplete. This connects pure mathematics directly to economic theory.

Modern cryptography largely depends on problems assumed, but not proven, to be computationally hard, leaving a theoretical gap in fully guaranteed security. This unresolved foundation underlies much of digital security today.

Fair division theory has strong results for two-party negotiations, but multi-party fairness guarantees become significantly harder to prove in full generality. This unresolved area connects mathematics with real-world conflict resolution.

Games involving bluffing or incomplete knowledge, like certain card games, resist the same clean mathematical solutions available for games of complete information. This unresolved question remains central to advanced game theory research.